Shangjia Zhang

Pupin Hall 1026,

Columbia University

New York, NY, USA

sz3342 at columbia.edu

Hello! My name is Shangjia Zhang (张尚嘉). I am an NHFP (NASA Hubble Fellowship Program) Sagan Fellow at Columbia University, hosted by Prof. Jane Huang. I recently graduated from the University of Nevada, Las Vegas (UNLV), where I worked with Prof. Zhaohuan Zhu on various aspects of the protoplanetary disk, the birthplace of planets. Prior to Las Vegas, I completed my undergraduate studies at the University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, where I worked with Prof. Lee Hartmann on star formation. Before that, I spent two years at Nanjing University, which has one of the most prestigious astronomy programs in China. I was born and raised in Beijing, China.

Currently, I study protoplanetary disks with a focus on self-consistent disk thermodynamics, including shadowing, planet-disk interactions, and vertical shear instability (VSI). I use the powerful Athena++ radiation module developed by Dr. Yan-Fei Jiang to carry out my research. The goal is to empower the interpretation of the increasingly detailed data from fast-advancing ALMA (Atacama Large Millimeter Array) and exAO (extreme Adaptive Optics) observations.

Since dust particles provide both the mass for planets and opacity for radiation, I am also interested in constraining dust particle size and porosity in protoplanetary disks using continuum and polarization observations.

Additionally, I am keen on inferring planet populations from ALMA surveys such as DSHARP and the Taurus sample, using fittings—including machine learning techniques—based on suites of planet-disk interaction simulations.

You can find my publications on ADS here.

selected publications

ApJL

3D Radiation-hydrodynamical Simulations of Shadows on Transition Disks

Shangjia Zhang, and Zhaohuan Zhu

apjl, Oct 2024

Bib

@article{2024ApJ...974L..38Z,
  author = {{Zhang}, Shangjia and {Zhu}, Zhaohuan},
  title = {{3D Radiation-hydrodynamical Simulations of Shadows on Transition Disks}},
  journal = {apjl},
  keywords = {Accretion, Protoplanetary disks, Radiative transfer, Hydrodynamical simulations, Radiative magnetohydrodynamics, 14, 1300, 1335, 767, 2009, Astrophysics - Earth and Planetary Astrophysics, Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies, Astrophysics - Solar and Stellar Astrophysics},
  year = {2024},
  month = oct,
  volume = {974},
  number = {2},
  eid = {L38},
  pages = {L38},
  doi = {10.3847/2041-8213/ad815f},
  archiveprefix = {arXiv},
  eprint = {2409.08373},
  primaryclass = {astro-ph.EP},
  adsurl = {https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2024ApJ...974L..38Z},
  adsnote = {Provided by the SAO/NASA Astrophysics Data System}
}

ApJ

Thermal Structure Determines Kinematics: Vertical Shear Instability in Stellar Irradiated Protoplanetary Disks

Shangjia Zhang, Zhaohuan Zhu, and Yan-Fei Jiang

apj, Jun 2024

Bib

@article{2024ApJ...968...29Z,
  author = {{Zhang}, Shangjia and {Zhu}, Zhaohuan and {Jiang}, Yan-Fei},
  title = {{Thermal Structure Determines Kinematics: Vertical Shear Instability in Stellar Irradiated Protoplanetary Disks}},
  journal = {apj},
  keywords = {Accretion, Protoplanetary disks, Radiative transfer, Hydrodynamics, Radiative magnetohydrodynamics, Hydrodynamical simulations, 14, 1300, 1335, 1963, 2009, 767, Astrophysics - Earth and Planetary Astrophysics, Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies, Astrophysics - Solar and Stellar Astrophysics},
  year = {2024},
  month = jun,
  volume = {968},
  number = {1},
  eid = {29},
  pages = {29},
  doi = {10.3847/1538-4357/ad4109},
  archiveprefix = {arXiv},
  eprint = {2404.05608},
  primaryclass = {astro-ph.EP},
  adsurl = {https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2024ApJ...968...29Z},
  adsnote = {Provided by the SAO/NASA Astrophysics Data System}
}

ApJ

Porous Dust Particles in Protoplanetary Disks: Application to the HL Tau Disk

Shangjia Zhang, Zhaohuan Zhu, Takahiro Ueda, and 4 more authors

apj, Aug 2023

Bib

@article{2023ApJ...953...96Z,
  author = {{Zhang}, Shangjia and {Zhu}, Zhaohuan and {Ueda}, Takahiro and {Kataoka}, Akimasa and {Sierra}, Anibal and {Carrasco-Gonz{\'a}lez}, Carlos and {Mac{\'\i}as}, Enrique},
  title = {{Porous Dust Particles in Protoplanetary Disks: Application to the HL Tau Disk}},
  journal = {apj},
  keywords = {Interstellar dust extinction, Planet formation, Protoplanetary disks, Millimeter astronomy, Optical constants (Dust), Submillimeter astronomy, Spectral index, Radio astronomy, Polarimetry, Astrophysical dust processes, Dust composition, Dust continuum emission, 837, 1241, 1300, 1061, 2270, 1647, 1553, 1338, 1278, 99, 2271, 412, Astrophysics - Earth and Planetary Astrophysics, Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies, Astrophysics - Solar and Stellar Astrophysics},
  year = {2023},
  month = aug,
  volume = {953},
  number = {1},
  eid = {96},
  pages = {96},
  doi = {10.3847/1538-4357/acdb4e},
  archiveprefix = {arXiv},
  eprint = {2306.00158},
  primaryclass = {astro-ph.EP},
  adsurl = {https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2023ApJ...953...96Z},
  adsnote = {Provided by the SAO/NASA Astrophysics Data System}
}

ApJ

Substructures in Compact Disks of the Taurus Star-forming Region

Shangjia Zhang, Matt Kalscheur, Feng Long, and 5 more authors

apj, Aug 2023

Bib

@article{2023ApJ...952..108Z,
  author = {{Zhang}, Shangjia and {Kalscheur}, Matt and {Long}, Feng and {Zhang}, Ke and {Long}, Deryl E. and {Bergin}, Edwin A. and {Zhu}, Zhaohuan and {Trapman}, Leon},
  title = {{Substructures in Compact Disks of the Taurus Star-forming Region}},
  journal = {apj},
  keywords = {Protoplanetary disks, Planetary-disk interactions, Exoplanet systems, 1300, 2204, 484, Astrophysics - Earth and Planetary Astrophysics, Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies, Astrophysics - Solar and Stellar Astrophysics},
  year = {2023},
  month = aug,
  volume = {952},
  number = {2},
  eid = {108},
  pages = {108},
  doi = {10.3847/1538-4357/acd334},
  archiveprefix = {arXiv},
  eprint = {2305.03862},
  primaryclass = {astro-ph.EP},
  adsurl = {https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2023ApJ...952..108Z},
  adsnote = {Provided by the SAO/NASA Astrophysics Data System}
}

MNRAS

PGNets: planet mass prediction using convolutional neural networks for radio continuum observations of protoplanetary discs

Shangjia Zhang, Zhaohuan Zhu, and Mingon Kang

Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, Mar 2022

Bib

@article{2022MNRAS.510.4473Z,
  author = {{Zhang}, Shangjia and {Zhu}, Zhaohuan and {Kang}, Mingon},
  title = {{PGNets: planet mass prediction using convolutional neural networks for radio continuum observations of protoplanetary discs}},
  journal = {Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society},
  keywords = {hydrodynamics, waves, planet-disc interactions, protoplanetary discs, Astrophysics - Earth and Planetary Astrophysics, Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Astrophysics - Solar and Stellar Astrophysics, Computer Science - Machine Learning},
  year = {2022},
  month = mar,
  volume = {510},
  number = {3},
  pages = {4473-4484},
  doi = {10.1093/mnras/stab3502},
  archiveprefix = {arXiv},
  eprint = {2111.15196},
  primaryclass = {astro-ph.EP},
  adsurl = {https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2022MNRAS.510.4473Z},
  adsnote = {Provided by the SAO/NASA Astrophysics Data System}
}

ApJ

Self-consistent Ring Model in Protoplanetary Disks: Temperature Dips and Substructure Formation

Shangjia Zhang, Xiao Hu, Zhaohuan Zhu, and 1 more author

Astrophysical Journal, Dec 2021

Bib

@article{2021ApJ...923...70Z,
  author = {{Zhang}, Shangjia and {Hu}, Xiao and {Zhu}, Zhaohuan and {Bae}, Jaehan},
  title = {{Self-consistent Ring Model in Protoplanetary Disks: Temperature Dips and Substructure Formation}},
  journal = {Astrophysical Journal},
  keywords = {1300, 1335, 1647, 1241, Astrophysics - Earth and Planetary Astrophysics, Astrophysics - Solar and Stellar Astrophysics},
  year = {2021},
  month = dec,
  volume = {923},
  number = {1},
  eid = {70},
  pages = {70},
  doi = {10.3847/1538-4357/ac2c82},
  archiveprefix = {arXiv},
  eprint = {2110.00858},
  primaryclass = {astro-ph.EP},
  adsurl = {https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2021ApJ...923...70Z},
  adsnote = {Provided by the SAO/NASA Astrophysics Data System}
}

MNRAS

The effects of disc self-gravity and radiative cooling on the formation of gaps and spirals by young planets

Shangjia Zhang, and Zhaohuan Zhu

Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, Apr 2020

Bib

@article{2020MNRAS.493.2287Z,
  author = {{Zhang}, Shangjia and {Zhu}, Zhaohuan},
  title = {{The effects of disc self-gravity and radiative cooling on the formation of gaps and spirals by young planets}},
  journal = {Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society},
  keywords = {hydrodynamics, waves, planet-disc interactions, protoplanetary discs, Astrophysics - Earth and Planetary Astrophysics, Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies, Astrophysics - Solar and Stellar Astrophysics},
  year = {2020},
  month = apr,
  volume = {493},
  number = {2},
  pages = {2287-2305},
  doi = {10.1093/mnras/staa404},
  archiveprefix = {arXiv},
  eprint = {1911.01530},
  primaryclass = {astro-ph.EP},
  adsurl = {https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2020MNRAS.493.2287Z},
  adsnote = {Provided by the SAO/NASA Astrophysics Data System},
}

ApJL

One Solution to the Mass Budget Problem for Planet Formation: Optically Thick Disks with Dust Scattering

Zhaohuan Zhu, Shangjia Zhang, Yan-Fei Jiang, and 10 more authors

Astrophysical Journal Letters, Jun 2019

Bib

@article{2019ApJ...877L..18Z,
  author = {{Zhu}, Zhaohuan and {Zhang}, Shangjia and {Jiang}, Yan-Fei and {Kataoka}, Akimasa and {Birnstiel}, Tilman and {Dullemond}, Cornelis P. and {Andrews}, Sean M. and {Huang}, Jane and {P{\'e}rez}, Laura M. and {Carpenter}, John M. and {Bai}, Xue-Ning and {Wilner}, David J. and {Ricci}, Luca},
  title = {{One Solution to the Mass Budget Problem for Planet Formation: Optically Thick Disks with Dust Scattering}},
  journal = {Astrophysical Journal Letters},
  keywords = {opacity, planets and satellites: formation, protoplanetary disks, radiative transfer, scattering, submillimeter: planetary systems, Astrophysics - Earth and Planetary Astrophysics, Astrophysics - Solar and Stellar Astrophysics},
  year = {2019},
  month = jun,
  volume = {877},
  number = {2},
  eid = {L18},
  pages = {L18},
  doi = {10.3847/2041-8213/ab1f8c},
  archiveprefix = {arXiv},
  eprint = {1904.02127},
  primaryclass = {astro-ph.EP},
  adsurl = {https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2019ApJ...877L..18Z},
  adsnote = {Provided by the SAO/NASA Astrophysics Data System},
}

ApJL
The Disk Substructures at High Angular Resolution Project (DSHARP). VII. The Planet-Disk Interactions Interpretation

Shangjia Zhang, Zhaohuan Zhu, Jane Huang, and 12 more authors

Astrophysical Journal Letters, Dec 2018

Abs Bib

The Disk Substructures at High Angular Resolution Project (DSHARP) provides a large sample of protoplanetary disks with substructures that could be induced by young forming planets. To explore the properties of planets that may be responsible for these substructures, we systematically carry out a grid of 2D hydrodynamical simulations, including both gas and dust components. We present the resulting gas structures, including the relationship between the planet mass, as well as (1) the gaseous gap depth/width and (2) the sub/super-Keplerian motion across the gap. We then compute dust continuum intensity maps at the frequency of the DSHARP observations. We provide the relationship between the planet mass, as well as (1) the depth/width of the gaps at millimeter intensity maps, (2) the gap edge ellipticity and asymmetry, and (3) the position of secondary gaps induced by the planet. With these relationships, we lay out the procedure to constrain the planet mass using gap properties, and study the potential planets in the DSHARP disks. We highlight the excellent agreement between observations and simulations for AS 209 and the detectability of the young solar system analog. Finally, under the assumption that the detected gaps are induced by young planets, we characterize the young planet population in the planet mass–semimajor axis diagram. We find that the occurrence rate for >5 MJ planets beyond 5–10 au is consistent with direct imaging constraints. Disk substructures allow us to probe a wide-orbit planet population (Neptune to Jupiter mass planets beyond 10 au) that is not accessible to other planet searching techniques.
@article{2018ApJ...869L..47Z, author = {Zhang, Shangjia and Zhu, Zhaohuan and Huang, Jane and Guzmán, Viviana V. and Andrews, Sean M. and Birnstiel, Tilman and Dullemond, Cornelis P. and Carpenter, John M. and Isella, Andrea and Pérez, Laura M. and Benisty, Myriam and Wilner, David J. and Baruteau, Clément and Bai, Xue-Ning and Ricci, Luca}, title = {{The Disk Substructures at High Angular Resolution Project (DSHARP). VII. The Planet-Disk Interactions Interpretation}}, journal = {Astrophysical Journal Letters}, keywords = {hydrodynamics, planet{\textendash}disk interactions, planets and satellites: detection, planets and satellites: formation, protoplanetary disks, submillimeter: planetary systems, Astrophysics - Earth and Planetary Astrophysics, Astrophysics - Solar and Stellar Astrophysics}, year = {2018}, month = dec, volume = {869}, number = {2}, eid = {L47}, pages = {L47}, doi = {10.3847/2041-8213/aaf744}, archiveprefix = {arXiv}, eprint = {1812.04045}, primaryclass = {astro-ph.EP}, adsurl = {https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2018ApJ...869L..47Z}, adsnote = {Provided by the SAO/NASA Astrophysics Data System}, publisher = {The American Astronomical Society}, }